END OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC- BEGINNING OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE
27 BC, Octavian defeats Antony and Cleopatra at the battle of Actium and takes the title of Augustus and become the first emperor of Rome.
FIRST ROMAN EMPEROR
Augustus (27 BC - 14 AD), has two great accomplishments:
1.) Founded the Roman empire
2.) He opened up roads for trades, so his army could be transported to the war, and so gods could be delivered.
'Julio- Claudian Emperors' 44/31/27 B.C.- 68 A.D.
1.) Augustus
2.) Tiberius
3.) Caligula
4.) Claudius
5.) Nero
'Year of Four Emperors' 68 A.D.
Emperor 1: Galba: Was met by a troop of Otho's cavalry and was assassinated near Lacus Curtius.
Emperor 2: Otho: Killed himself by stabbing himself in the heart with a dagger he concealed under his pillow.
Emperor 3: Vitellius: On the entrance of Vespasian's troops into Rome he was dragged out of a hiding-place and was driven to the fatal Gemonian stairs, and was killed there.
Emperor 4: Vespiam: He died of old age.
'Year of Five Emperors' 193 A.D.
Emperor 1: Pertinax: Attempted to reason with them, and was almost successful before being struck down by one of the hundreds of soldiers.
Emperor 2: Didius Julianus: He was killed in the palace by a soldier in the third month of his rule.
Emperor 3: Pescennius Niger: Defeated by a rival claimant, (Septimius Severus), and killed while tryng to flee from Antioch.
Emperor 4: Clodius Albinus: He was defeated in the Battle of Lugdunum and killed himself after the battle.
Emperor 5: Septemius Severus: He fell fatally ill and withdrew to Eboracum and died there in 211 A.D.
'Year of Six Emperors' 238 A.D.
Emperor 1: Maximinus Thrax: Soldiers of the II Parthica in his camp assassinated him, his son, and his chief ministers.
Emperor 2: Gordian I: He hung himself.
Emperor 3: Gordian II: Him and his mother (Julia Avita Mamaea) were assassinated by troops at Mogontiacum in Germania Inferor.
Emperor 4: Gordian III: Was assassinated/ murdered.
Emperor 5: Pupienus: Was assassinated/ murdered.
Emperor 6: Balbinus: Was assassinated/ murdered
'Christianity' 3 A.D
Christianity started by Jewish Rabbi named Jesus in 3 A.D in Israel in the Middle East. It was a monotheistic belief.
'The Decline of Rome' 7 reasons why
1.) Barbarian migrations/ invasions
2.) Xianity became intolerant
3.) Borders too big to defend
4.) Taxes too high/ wealthy not paying taxes, and not joining the army
5.) Non- citizen army- no one was loyal to Rome
6.) Empire split into an East an West side
7.) Odoacer- 476 A.D.
'Diocletian accomplishments' 284- 305 A.D
' Tetrarchy' works like this:
-Each Emperor has an Emperor in training called the Caesar
-The Emperor will actually adopt his Emperor that's in training (Caesar) as his son thereby establishing a dynasty, this solves the problem of succession because now everyone knows who will be the next ruler
-Each half (East and West) of the empire will be divided in 4 parts thus we get the name Tetrarchy
'Docletian the bad'
1.) Nero and him used the Christians as human torches to light up the city.
2.) Made the Christians dress up in animal suits so the the rabid dogs would attack them
'Constantine' 306- 337 A.D
'Theodisus' 379- 395 A.D
1.) Founded the Roman empire
2.) He opened up roads for trades, so his army could be transported to the war, and so gods could be delivered.
'Julio- Claudian Emperors' 44/31/27 B.C.- 68 A.D.
1.) Augustus
2.) Tiberius
3.) Caligula
4.) Claudius
5.) Nero
'Year of Four Emperors' 68 A.D.
Emperor 1: Galba: Was met by a troop of Otho's cavalry and was assassinated near Lacus Curtius.
Emperor 2: Otho: Killed himself by stabbing himself in the heart with a dagger he concealed under his pillow.
Emperor 3: Vitellius: On the entrance of Vespasian's troops into Rome he was dragged out of a hiding-place and was driven to the fatal Gemonian stairs, and was killed there.
Emperor 4: Vespiam: He died of old age.
'Year of Five Emperors' 193 A.D.
Emperor 1: Pertinax: Attempted to reason with them, and was almost successful before being struck down by one of the hundreds of soldiers.
Emperor 2: Didius Julianus: He was killed in the palace by a soldier in the third month of his rule.
Emperor 3: Pescennius Niger: Defeated by a rival claimant, (Septimius Severus), and killed while tryng to flee from Antioch.
Emperor 4: Clodius Albinus: He was defeated in the Battle of Lugdunum and killed himself after the battle.
Emperor 5: Septemius Severus: He fell fatally ill and withdrew to Eboracum and died there in 211 A.D.
'Year of Six Emperors' 238 A.D.
Emperor 1: Maximinus Thrax: Soldiers of the II Parthica in his camp assassinated him, his son, and his chief ministers.
Emperor 2: Gordian I: He hung himself.
Emperor 3: Gordian II: Him and his mother (Julia Avita Mamaea) were assassinated by troops at Mogontiacum in Germania Inferor.
Emperor 4: Gordian III: Was assassinated/ murdered.
Emperor 5: Pupienus: Was assassinated/ murdered.
Emperor 6: Balbinus: Was assassinated/ murdered
'Christianity' 3 A.D
Christianity started by Jewish Rabbi named Jesus in 3 A.D in Israel in the Middle East. It was a monotheistic belief.
'The Decline of Rome' 7 reasons why
1.) Barbarian migrations/ invasions
2.) Xianity became intolerant
3.) Borders too big to defend
4.) Taxes too high/ wealthy not paying taxes, and not joining the army
5.) Non- citizen army- no one was loyal to Rome
6.) Empire split into an East an West side
7.) Odoacer- 476 A.D.
'Diocletian accomplishments' 284- 305 A.D
- Established property and income taxes to pay for roads, bridges, sewers, and defense
- A new system called Tetrarchy- rule by four rulers, "two sets of father and son"
- Divides the Empire into parts: East and West
' Tetrarchy' works like this:
- 1.) Divide empire in two- East and West
-Each Emperor has an Emperor in training called the Caesar
-The Emperor will actually adopt his Emperor that's in training (Caesar) as his son thereby establishing a dynasty, this solves the problem of succession because now everyone knows who will be the next ruler
-Each half (East and West) of the empire will be divided in 4 parts thus we get the name Tetrarchy
'Docletian the bad'
1.) Nero and him used the Christians as human torches to light up the city.
2.) Made the Christians dress up in animal suits so the the rabid dogs would attack them
'Constantine' 306- 337 A.D
- Converts to Christianity
- Declares Christianity legal through the Edict of Milan
'Theodisus' 379- 395 A.D
- He bands the gladiator games
- Christianity is the only religion aloud
- The church is above the government in order